Chemistry 100                                                                                     Dunnivant

Exam 3                                                                                                Spring, 2006

 

Name (printed)  _____________________

 

Closed notes, closed book, closed Internet, closed neighbor!

 

I have neither given nor received aid on this exam.  __________________________

                                                                                                Signature

 

**NO SPARE PAPER IS ALLOWED OUT DURING THIS EXAM.  YOU MAY NOT LEAVE THE ROOM OTHER THAN TO GO TO THE RESTROOM.

 

**POINTS WILL BE TAKEN OFF FOR SLOPPY WORK WHEN I CANNOT FIND YOUR ANSWER OR FIGURE OUT WHAT YOUÕRE DOING.

 

 

Heat of fusion of ice = 333 J/g

Heat of vaporization = 2260 J/g

 

State                           Specific heat J/g-K

Ice                                           2.1

Water                                     4.2

Steam                                     2.0

 

  1. (5 pts) LetÕs get the calculations over with first.  How much energy do you need to take out of the following to cool it: a 75g container of steam at 150oC to condensed water at 5oC?  Show all calculations.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  1. (2 pts each)

a) Draw the chemical structure for an eight-carbon compound with two double bonds and in general what would you call it.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

b)    Draw the chemical structure for a single unit aromatic compound with a nitro group and a halogen substitution and name it.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

c)     Draw the chemical structure for 2-chloro, 5-amino, 3 hexene.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

d)    Draw the chemical structure for a six-carbon alcohol and name it.

 

            e)  Draw a pentyne compound with an aldehyde functional group.

 

 

 

 

 

 

  1. Name five unique properties of water and why do these occur?  Explain the environmental significance of two of these.

 

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(2 pts) Significance:

 

 

 

 

 

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(2 pts) Significance:

 

 

 

 

 

 

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(1 pt) Why they occur: _______________________

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  1. (1 pt each)

      a)What are the three most common human uses of water?

 

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b)    What are three major goals of drinking water treatment?

 

 

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c)     What are four major goals of sewage treatment?

 

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  1. (1 pt)  Say that you become a hermit and you remember that most forms of untreated water result in some form of health problem.  What is the best source of clean water that you can find:  groundwater, lake water, or river water?

 

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(14 pts)  Draw a schematic for treating river water that needs turbidity, hardness, and bacterial removal (this is the same one from our notes).  After you draw the figure, place a number by each chemical treatment step and explain in words (using all of the necessary chemical names) or by chemical formulas what is going on in each step.  BE NEAT as points will be taken off for sloppy work!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  1. (5 pts) What is the difference between dissolved oxygen (D.O.) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(13 pts)  Draw a modern sewage treatment facility utilizing an activated sludge lagoon (not trickling filter) and label ALL components.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1 pt) How do the processes used in our treatment plants differ from what nature would do in a natural river?

7.  (8 pts) Draw the basic food pyramid, labeling it with appropriate critters in a web (chain) and explain how bioconcentration works.  Which species will have the greater concentration of a compound such as DDT?  Which species will have the lowest concentration of DDT?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2 pts)  Name one compound that may act as an endocrine disruptor in humans.

 

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8.(1 pts each) List three major pollutants from cars.  If we can treat these, how could we remove these pollutants?

POLLUTANT                              TREATMENT

 

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List two major pollutants from stationary sources such as a coal-fired power plant.

 

POLLUTANTS                            TREATMENT

 

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9.  (3 pts) All combustion processes that result in temperatures greater than 2000oK lead to the formation of nitric acid.  Show all of the chemical reactions leading to this formation.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3 pts) Next, show how a piece of platinum can remove this pollution before it leaves the tail pipe of a car.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4 pts) Atmospheric NOx, SOx, Pb, particulates, and CO have all decreased in concentrations in the last two decades yet we drive more cars and have more coal-fired power plants.  For each pollutant, list the device or reason that it has decreased.