FAASICPMS Section 2.6

2.6 Questions

Give the complete name of the following acronyms:
AES AAS FAAS FAES HCL PT PMT CCD LDA CTD GFAA

Draw and label double-beam flame atomic spectrometer.

What types of electromagnetic wavelengths do FAAS and FAES instruments use?

What is the difference between line and continuous spectrum sources?

Draw and explain how a hollow cathode lamp works.

What is the purpose of the chopper in an AAS or AES instrument?

How can an instrument perform both AAS and AES?

Explain the Bernoulli principle with respect to the FAAS burner head.

What is the optimum droplet size that makes it into and through the burner head and what factors influence this size?

What types of fuels and oxidants are used in FAAS and FAES?

Name and discuss all of the common sources of noise in the lamp and flame.

What is the purpose of a slit in the various locations in an instrument?

Draw a basic monochromator and explain how it works. What is its fundamental function?

What two components can result in dispersion in the monochromator?

Draw and explain how a phototube works.

Draw and explain how a photomultiplier tube works.

Contrast a phototube and a photomultiplier tube.

What is a dynode?

What is the difference between a discrete and a continuous PMT?

What is a charge coupled device?

What is the difference between a forward and reverse bias in a CCD?

What is the elemental difference between the p-doped and n-doped areas of a diode.

What is a diode? What is a linear diode array, how does it work, and what are its advantages?

Contrast a PMT and a LDA.

What is a charge transfer device (CTD) and why are they replacing PMTs?

Contrast a CTD and a PMT.

Why are charge injection devices (CIDs) not common in FAAS and FAES?

How are complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) detectors superior to CCDs?

What are the sources of noise in detectors?

Explain how the signal to noise ratio used and why it is important. How have computers changed FAAS and FAES instruments?

Draw and explain how the mercury cold vapor technique works.

Draw and explain how the hydride generation unit works in FAAS. What elements is it used to analyze?

Explain how a Electrothermal Vaporization (Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, GFAA) works.

How is the GFAA unit superior to the FAAS or FAES instruments?

How does the glow-discharge unit work? In what industry is it mostly used?