CHAPTER 3

Pedagogical Experiments with Interpretation of Results

Under Construction

3.1 Preliminaries

3.1.1 Instrument and Instrumental Settings

3.1.2 Trouble Shooting

3.1.3 Maintenance

3.2 Illustrative Experiments of Fundamental Concepts

3.2.1 Advantages of GC versus MS

i. The lack of separation of 2,2’-DCB versus 2,6-DCB in capillary column GC, but confirmatory identification using MS

ii. The separation of cis versus trans compounds by GC but lack of confirmatory identification by MS

3.2.2 The Dependence of Ionization Source on Fragmentation, Molecular Ion, and Structure

i. Hard versus soft ionization sources

ii. Positive versus negative chemical ionization sources

3.2.3 Synthesis experiments and spectra interpretation

3.3 Analytical Experiments with an External Reference Standard

3.3.1 Caffeine Concentrations in Human Urine

3.3.2 Nicotine Concentrations in Human Hair

3.3.3 Drug screen of Urine

3.3.4 Bisphenol A Concentrations in bottled Everclear

3.3.5 Cocaine Residues on Dollar Bills

3.4 Analytical Experiments without an External Reference Standard

3.4.1 Identification of Components in Whiskey

3.4.2 Identification of Fragrances